Eccema de los pies: oportunidad de las pruebas epicutáneas / Suitability of Patch Testing in Foot Eczema

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Eczema en los pies en una consulta de alergia cutánea: estudio retrospectivo de 13 años / Foot Eczema in a Skin Allergy Unit: Retrospective Study of 13 Years

Introducción: La dermatitis de pies es un motivo frecuente de consulta en las Unidades de Alergia Cutánea. Objetivos: Conocer las características demográficas, el diagnóstico y los alérgenos más frecuentemente implicados en los pacientes a los que se les han practicado pruebas epicutáneas. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional transversal en un Servicio de Dermatología con todos los pacientes estudiados con la batería estándar española durante 13 años (2004-2016). Comparamos los resultados de las pruebas epicutáneas y los diagnósticos finales entre los distintos subgrupos de pacientes con eczema de pies. Resultados: Estudiamos un total de 3.265 pacientes; 308 (9,4%) presentaban eczema en los pies, 176 (57,9%) tenían afectación solo en los pies y 132 (42,1%) afectación concomitante en manos y pies. En el subgrupo con afectación exclusiva en los pies se observó un mayor porcentaje de pacientes con pruebas epicutáneas positivas (61,5% solo pies, 53,4% manos y pies). En el subgrupo de afectación concomitante de manos y pies se observó un menor porcentaje de pruebas epicutáneas positivas entre los menores de 18 años (51,3% en menores y 64,4% en mayores). El alérgeno con relevancia presente más frecuente en todos los subgrupos fue el dicromato potásico. La dermatitis de contacto alérgica (49,1%) fue el diagnóstico más frecuente en los pacientes con afectación exclusiva de los pies, mientras que en los pacientes con eczema en manos y pies fue la psoriasis (33,6%) en los adultos y la dermatitis atópica en los menores de 18 años (60,0%). Conclusión: La realización de pruebas epicutáneas es de gran utilidad tanto en los pacientes con eczema de afectación exclusiva de los pies como en aquellos con afectación concomitante de manos y pies

Introduction: Foot eczema is a common complaint encountered by skin allergists. Objective: To study a series of patients with foot eczema who underwent patch testing and describe their demographic profile, diagnoses, and the main allergens involved. Material and methods: Cross-sectional observational study of all patients tested with the standard Spanish patch test series at a dermatology department over a period of 13 years (2004-2016). We studied patch test results and definitive diagnoses by comparing different subgroups of patients with foot eczema. Results: Of the 3,265 patients included in the study, 308 (9.4%) had foot eczema, 176 (57.9%) had foot eczema only and 132 (42.1%) had concomitant foot and hand eczema. Positive patch test results were more common in patients with foot eczema only (positivity rate of 61.5% vs. 53.4% for foot and hand eczema). In the subgroup of patients with concomitant foot and hand involvement, patients aged under 18 years had a lower rate of positive results (51.3% vs. 64.6% for patients >18 years). Potassium dichromate was the most common allergen with current relevance in all subgroups. The main diagnosis in patients with foot involvement only was allergic contact dermatitis (49.1%). In the subgroup of patients with concomitant hand and foot eczema, the main diagnoses were psoriasis in adults (33.6%) and atopic dermatitis in patients aged under 18 years (60.0%). Conclusion: Patch tests are a very useful diagnostic tool for patients with foot eczema with or without concomitant hand involvement

Liquen aureus: eccema con halo dorado / Lichen aureus: the eczema with a golden halo

Presentamos un caso de liquen aureus en una mujer joven de 22 años, rara lesión cutánea que pertenece al grupo de las dermatosis purpúricas pigmentadas, diagnosticada por biopsia, que no precisó otro tratamiento que la exéresis de la lesión y que ha tenido una evolución favorable. Es una lesión eritematosa de la piel, con aspecto de su fondo dorado, de etiología desconocida y que, por su escasa sintomatología y pronóstico benigno, muchas veces es infradiagnosticada, por lo que debe ser conocida para hacer un diagnóstico diferencial eficiente

We present the case of a 22-year-old young woman with lichen aureus, a rare skin lesion that belongs to the group of pigmented purpuric dermatosis. It was diagnosed by biopsy and did not require any other treatment than the excision of the lesion, with a favorable evolution. Lichen aureus is an erythematous skin lesion with a golden background of unknown etiology. It is often underdiagnosed because it presents few symptoms and has a benign prognosis, so it should be known to make an effective differential diagnosis

Terra firma-forme dermatosis: Differential diagnosis and response to salicylic acid therapy.

Terra firma-forme dermatosis (TFFD), first described by Duncan in 1987, is a relatively common but probably underdiagnosed condition, characterized by a reticular hyperpigmented dirtlike eruption resistant to washing with common soap but typically removed with rubbing with 70% isopropyl alcohol. We present a case of TFFD in an 8-year-old boy with rapid response to 5% salicylic acid in petrolatum ointment.

Dermatological emergencies: one-year data analysis of 8,620 patients from the largest Portuguese tertiary teaching hospital.

Skin conditions frequently lead to emergency department (ED) visits. While most are benign in course, some will present as true dermatological urgencies/emergencies, requiring admission. To present data on skin diseases most frequently found in the ED, and those most frequently requiring admission at the largest Portuguese tertiary teaching hospital, and to explore an association between epidemiological variables and frequency of diagnoses within this context. A retrospective study was conducted on all patients examined during 2012 for dermatology emergency consultation (DEC) at the Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal. Association between epidemiological variables (gender and age of patients, and season of the year) and frequency of diagnoses was investigated. In total, 8,620 patients were examined by a dermatologist in the ED, constituting 3.9% of all ED visits in our centre. Overall, 333 diagnoses were made, the most frequent of which was eczema not-otherwise-specified (9.4%). However, infectious and parasitic diseases constituted the leading motive for DEC (31.5%). Only 264 patients were admitted, with 65 diagnoses leading to admission. Nine diagnoses alone led to 60% of all admissions. Infectious and parasitic diseases constituted the leading cause of admission (34.7%). An association between frequency of diagnoses and gender, age, and season was identified. Despite the variety of dermatological pathologies, only a limited group of diseases was responsible for most of the true dermatological emergencies. Therefore, in the absence of a readily available dermatologist, knowledge of these entities, as well as demographic and environmental data, may help to improve the management of these patients.

Lesiones eccematosas y cuadro ictiosiforme adquirido como forma de presentación de un linfoma anaplásico de células grandes CD30+ / Eczematous lesions and acquired ichthyosis as a presenting finding of CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma

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[Eczematous disorders in adolescents]. / Ekzemerkrankungen in der Adoleszenz.

Eczematous disorders in adolescence (definition WHO: the period between 10 and 20 years) are common and include mainly atopic dermatitis, contact eczema, and seborrheic dermatitis. They all share the similarity of inflammatory reactions which mainly affect the epidermis and can take a chronic course, depending on the underlying dermatosis. In the following article, the particularities of eczematous diseases in adolescents are discussed.

Dermatitis alérgica de contacto a cosméticos / Allergic Contact Dermatitis Caused by Cosmetic Products

La dermatitis de contacto por cosméticos es un problema dermatológico frecuente, creciente, con un gran impacto en la calidad de vida de los pacientes que lo padecen y con un importante coste invertido en la búsqueda de estrategias diagnósticas, terapéuticas y de prevención. Su prevalencia se ha estimado entre el 2 y el 4% de las consultas dermatológicas, y aproximadamente el 60% de los casos son de causa alérgica. Los productos de higiene e hidratación cutánea son los responsables de la mayoría de los casos, seguidos de los cosméticos ungueales y capilares. Las fragancias son la causa más frecuente de alergia a cosméticos, seguidos de los conservantes y los tintes capilares; pero todos los componentes, incluyendo los ingredientes naturales, deben ser considerados como potenciales sensibilizantes. A lo largo de este trabajo se detallarán los datos relevantes de los alérgenos más frecuentes de los productos cosméticos: fragancias, conservantes, antioxidantes, excipientes, surfactantes, humectantes y emulsificantes, ingredientes naturales, tintes capilares, fotoprotectores y cosméticos ungueales

Contact dermatitis due to cosmetic products is a common dermatologic complaint that considerably affects the patient’s quality of life. Diagnosis, treatment, and preventive strategies represent a substantial cost. This condition accounts for 2% to 4% of all visits to the dermatologist, and approximately 60% of cases are allergic in origin. Most cases are caused by skin hygiene and moisturizing products, followed by cosmetic hair and nail products. Fragrances are the most common cause of allergy to cosmetics, followed by preservatives and hair dyes; however, all components, including natural ingredients, should be considered potential sensitizers. We provide relevant information on the most frequent allergens in cosmetic products, namely, fragrances, preservatives, antioxidants, excipients, surfactants, humectants, emulsifiers, natural ingredients, hair dyes, sunscreens, and nail cosmetics

Eczema coxsackium (Coxsackievirus A6) en una paciente adulta infectada por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana / Eczema coxsackium (Coxsackievirus A6) in an human immunodeficiency virus infected adult patient

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Problema de pele em paciente estomizada: relato de caso / Skin problems in a stomized patient: a case report

Objetivo: Relatar o caso vivenciado na prática de enfermagem, no manejo de complicações de pele periestoma,e avaliar as mudanças clínicas obtidas após a utilização de protetores cutâneos. Relato de caso: O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma paciente estomizada de 57 anos, cuja pele periestoma apresentava extensa dermatite periestomal com aspecto brilhante, altamente exsudativa, irritativa e dolorosa, em que o dispositivo para estomia mantinha-se adaptado por menos de 24 horas. Conclusão: Após o manejo dos protetores cutâneos, houve evolução satisfatória em relação à lesão periestomal e no emocional, o que resultou no fechamento da ileostomia.

Objective: To report a case experienced in nursing practice regarding the management of peristomal skin complications, as well as to evaluate the clinical changes obtained after the use of skin protectors. Case report: this study was developed in a patient with stoma 57, whose skin had extensive peristomal dermatitis, glossy, highly exudative, irritating and painful, who had a device installed for ostomy adapted forless than 24 hours. Conclusion: After the management of skin protectors, there was satisfactory progress in relation to peristomal and emotional injury, which resulted in the closure of the ileostomy.

Eczema diagnosis and management in the community.

The old saying, 'a stitch in time saves nine' is particularly true in the management of eczema. Early diagnosis and the recognition of an underlying cause can mean that more simple measures, such as moisturizers, may be sufficient to keep eczema under control, while the identification of an allergic stimulus can forestall further problems. Equally, being aware of what action to take when a course of treatment is ineffective, and having the ability to teach parents and families to realize when they need extra help, may allow changes to be made that will restore control of the condition more quickly. An understanding and empathetic ear may make all the difference when a patient is having to come to terms with eczema. This article discusses the aetiology and symptoms of different types of eczema, and summarises the range of available options for the management of this often disruptive condition.

[Eosinophilic dermatosis associated with hematological disorders: A clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical study of six observations]. / Dermatose éosinophilique associée aux hémopathies : étude clinique, histopathologique et immunohistochimique de six cas.

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic dermatosis of hematologic disease (EDH) or insect bite-like reaction is a pruritic dermatitis described mostly in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). We describe six patients with the disorder in association with CLL and other blood dyscrasias. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of patients with EDH seen between 2004 and 2009 in our department and re-examined histological slides. RESULTS: Mean age at dermatosis onset was 75.6 years and the sex ratio was 1. There were three CLL, two mantle-cell lymphomas and one MALT-type lymphoma. The dermatitis was quite polymorphic, with erythematous papules, wheals and plaques. The initial skin lesions appeared at the same time as or after the diagnosis of haematological neoplasm. Their reappearance heralded relapse of the blood disease in three cases. Histologically, all lesions had a dense dermal infiltrate of small, mostly CD4+ T-cells, with numerous eosinophils. In three patients, there was marked folliculotropism, resembling folliculotropic T-cell lymphoma. In most cases, EDH disappeared after appropriate chemotherapy for the blood disorder. DISCUSSION: Our cases show that the clinical expression of EDH is quite polymorphic. Its appearance may precede relapse of or may indicate prompt search screening for blood dyscrasia. The most efficient treatment of this dermatosis appears to be specific chemotherapy for the blood dyscrasia. There is reason to believe that a population of T-helper 2 (Th2) lymphocytes, reactive to malignant B-cells, induces tissue eosinophilia, mainly through production of interleukin (IL)-5, among other cytokines. Eosinophils appear to be the main effector cells.

Lipoatrofia semicircular de origen laboral / Occupational semicircular lipoatrophy

Objetivo: En 2007 se notificaron en Cataluña una serie de casos de lipoatrofia semicircular potencialmente relacionados con determinados factores de riesgo presentes en los puestos de trabajo. El objetivo del presente trabajo es proponer una definición y clasificación de caso de lipoatrofia semicircular de origen laboral (LSOL) y describir los resultados de los casos estudiados en la Mutua Asepeyo en Cataluña. Métodos: Se examinaron 153 trabajadores con sospecha de lipoatrofia semicircular con un mismo protocolo de actuación. Se describen los resultados de 148 casos atendidos consecutivamente y pertenecientes a 27 empresas diferentes. El estudio se llevó a cabo entre abril y septiembre de 2007. Resultados: El mayor porcentaje de casos de lipoatrofia semicircular se da en mujeres (94%), con un rango de edad predominante para los dos sexos entre 31 y 41 años (46%), con normopeso (69%), con afectación en los muslos (96%) y en trabajadores con tareas administrativo-ofimáticas (97%) que referían apoyarse en la mesa de trabajo como factor de riesgo relacionado con su patología(58%). Adicionalmente, se objetiva el aumento de las cargas electrostáticas y la disminución de la humedad relativa ambiental en 19 casos procedentes de 6 empresas. Conclusión: La vigilancia médica de los trabajadores afectados por lipoatrofia semicircular debe realizarse de forma protocolizada para identificar adecuadamente los casos de origen laboral. En nuestro estudio, el origen laboral del problema se ha podido determinar aproximadamente en la mitad de los casos. Aunque sigue sospechándose etiología laboral en la mayoría de los casos, ha sido imposible disponer, en esta fase del estudio, de las mediciones técnicas necesarias para identificar los factores de riesgo laborales considerados como potencialmente causales(AU)

Objective: In 2007 several cases of semicircular lipoatrophy were reported as potentially related to occupational risk factors. The aim of this study is to propose a case defi nition and classifi cation for occupational semicircular lipoatrophy (OSL) and to summarize the results of the cases examined through the Asepeyo insurance company in Cataluña. Methods: 153 workers with suspected semicircular lipoatrophy were examined using a standardized protocol. Results for 148 consecutive cases, from 27 different companies, are described. The evaluations were conducted between April and September of 2007. Results: Most cases with semicircular lipoatrophy were women (94%), with a similar age range for both sexes, between 31 and 41 years (46%); normal body mass index (69%); lesions appearing on the thighs (96%); in jobs with administrative or office-related tasks(97%); and with a high proportion (58%) of patients reporting leaning on their desks as a risk factor (58%). Additionally, increases inelectrostatic charge burden and decreases in ambient relative humidity were confirmed in 19 cases from six different companies. Conclusions: Surveillance of workers with semicircular lipoatrophy would benefit from specific protocols to allow identification of work-related cases. In this study, an association between the case and the working conditions was observed in approximately half of the cases. Even though the majority of the cases are suspected to be work-related, it has not been possible to confirm these, given the absence of objective measurements of the suspected occupational causes(AU)